Shells plays an important role in Linux and Unix system. Everything that is happening on your distro is either because of the shell or the kernel. Moreover, a backend shell is initialized as soon as you made a login . There are lots of shells in the Unix and Linux system. Let’s try to know more about them :
What is a shell ?
Shell is the software installed on your system that works as command-line interpreter i.e. it takes the commands you type, interpret them and gives them to operating system (kernel) through system calls to execute. There are many different shells available to choose from in Linux.
C Shell : C shell was created by Bill Joy, while he was studying at University of California, Berkeley. He released it under BSD license, the syntax of C shell is similar to C programming language hence the name C shell.
TC Shell: An improved version of C shell, provides some additional features like command line completion and editing. In most of Linux systems /bin/csh is linked to /bin/tcsh and it alternatives, so when you try to start the C shell, TC shell gets started.
C shell linked to its alternatives
Korn Shell (ksh): Korn shell was developed by David Korn at AT&T Bell Laboratories. It contains may features of C shell and Bourne shell.
Bourne Shell(sh): The default shell in many Unix systems developed by Stephen Bourne of AT&T Bell Laboratories.
GNU Bourne-Again Shell (bash): Bash shell is default shell in most of Linux distributions. Its a free and open source clone of bourne shell. It was developed by Brian Fox for the GNU project. Its the most feature rich shell available and is compatible with bourne shell.
To find out all the shells installed on your system type “$cat /etc/shells”. Your default shell is defined /etc/passwd file.
My Default Shell
To switch to a different shell on your system just type the name of that shell (as in /etc/shells) and hit enter.
Z Shell(zsh): Sorry I forgot to write about this shell (Don’t Know How 😦 ). Thanks to all of you for reminding me. Well The Z shell (zsh) is a Unix shell that can be used as an interactive login shell and as a powerful command interpreter for shell scripting. Zsh can be thought of as an extended Bourne shell with a large number of improvements, including some features of bash, ksh, and tcsh. It includes features like automated spell correction, editing multiple line command within a single buffer and many more.
In the next part of the article we will learn about “How bash shell interprets a command”. So Google about the shells more and more. If want to become a Linux administrator, then you must have a good control over the shells.
About Author : This post is written by Sumit Rai. He is second in command of this blog. Sumit loves to play with grub and spends most of his time in manipulating the hardware through shell. He is trying his hands on assembly languages also. You can contact him at sumitrai96@gmail.com .
Pages : 
Flossstuff's Blog 
any chance to look over ch shell?
http://www.softintegration.com/docs/ch/shell/
How about a recommendation on which shell to use in Linux or BSD?
I am a big fan of Bash shell 😀
Z shell, forgetting that was a huge mistake. If I were you I would edit this page and add it at the end.
Sorry I Forgot To Mention ZSH. Thanks For Reminding me of that 🙂
“Its the most feature rich shell available” – it seems you’ve forgotten zsh!
What about ZSH!? http://www.zsh.org/
Do remember that in the Bourne Shell family there is also the “maxed out” Z shell, or zsh. It has pretty much all of the features found in ksh and bash, but it also includes features found in tcsh and adds many of its own features as well.
Very nice article.